German-Japanese Cooperation with and in Central Asia
[ Contents ]
Chapter 1: Priority Areas, Challenges and Perspectives for the Economic Development of the Central AsianRegion
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1. Priority Areas, Challenges and Perspectives for the Economic Development of the Central Asian Region
The economic development of Central Asia as a whole must be examined by conducting a geo-political analysis from two different perspectives, top-down and bottom-up. This section clarifies the priority areas of and problems facing the region's economic development, and presents future perspectives based on top-down and bottom-up analyses from global and regional perspectives. (Joerg Stadelbauer)
2. Outlook on the Economic Development of Central Asia
A decade has passed since the Central Asian nations became independent with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Their economic performance largely depends not on the economic reform policies that have been implemented thus far, but on the presence or absence of foreign currency-generating resources such as crude oil. The establishment of regional cooperation is indispensable for the overall economic development of Central Asia. In particular, since nations in this region have the disadvantage of being land-locked, it is urgently necessary to establish smooth transportation systems. For future economic assistance to this region, it will be necessary to tackle projects that will contribute to interregional cooperation. (Kensaku Kumabe)
3. Priority Areas, Challenges and Future Perspectives: Views from Kyrgyzstan
The priority objectives facing Kyrgyzstan are the strengthening of solidarity, promotion of the democratization process, which is already underway, and the implementation of measures to protect citizens and the society as a whole. In addition, the economic goals being sought include strengthening an open economy based on market relations, and the promotion of entrepreneurship. A development model such as this will be smoothly accepted not only at present, but also in the future and will contribute to ensuring the further development of the cooperative relationships between the regional nations. (Apas Djumagulov)
4. Rebuilding the Great Silk Road
Although direct investment in the Tajikistan economy by other Central Asian nations is currently less than 7% of total direct investment, this percentage is on the rise. This demonstrates that Tajikistan has been able accumulate definite headway concerning the development and improvement of bilateral relations. Given this, the goal presently sought by Tajikistan is the promotion of multilateral cooperation with other nations in the region.(Amonjan Eshonkulov)
5. Priorities, Major Difficulties and Prospects: Views form Uzbekistan
There are four priority areas that Uzbekistan should address: (1) liberalization of the system of internal trade regulation; (2) restructuring of the most significant production units; (3) change of budget priorities; and (4) development of the internal financial market. This paper clarifies problems plaguing each priority area and forecasts their future. (Abdulla Abdukadirov)
6. Challenges of Development in Central Asia
Twelve years have passed since Central Asia became independent in 1‚X‚X1. This paper outlines the international frameworks in diplomacy and economy in Central Asia and the current status of economic development assistance to this region, identifies problems, and points out tasks that should be dealt with preferentially.(Yuji Kurokawa)
Chapter 2:Japanese and German Cooperation in and with Central Asia: A Response to the Priorities and Challenges
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1. Japanese and German Cooperation in and with Central Asia and Afghanistan: A Response to the Priorities and Challenges
In August 2003, Japan conducted an overall review of its official development assistance (ODA), and in response revised the ODA Charter for the first time in a decade. This section analyzes first, trends in Japan's ODA, and then the principles behind the ODA sent to Central Asia. This is followed by the presentation of the sectors that are particularly emphasized and the specific approaches Japan has been taking in this region. Finally, cooperation between Japan and Germany is also covered briefly. (Seiju Imai)
2. Japanese and German Cooperation in and with Central Asia
The following four issues which are closely interlinked must be given priority: (1) ensuring peace and preventing crises; (2) the implementation of the UN Millennium Declaration (particularly the Millennium Development Goals); (3) introducing the process of economic globalization; and (4) efforts to support sustainable development. This section presents the programs presently adopted by Germany for the development of Central Asia. (Juergen Zoll)
Chapter 3:Rebuilding the Silk Road
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1. Rebuilding the Silk Road through Improvement in the Oil and Gas Flow
This paper develops further an idea of rebuilding the Silk Road through improvements in the oil and gas flow around Russia and the Caspian region. First, problems of political and economic integration of former Soviet republics in relation with the oil and gas flow are observed. Second, issues inherent to the oil and gas flow, including pipeline transportation, are explored by clarifying the importance of creating more open, non-discriminatory and transparent access to transportation capacity for the oil and gas flow in order that market entry and competition should work more effectively. This paper also clarifies how much "values" have been generated in Russia by the trade (transportation) monopolies the oil and gas. (Masaaki Kuboniwa)
2. The Perspective of Kazakhstan
The section is focused mainly on examining political cooperation in and around Central Asia, which in turn contributes to an accurate understanding of economic issues. Based on this, it will become possible to link different research fields to one another, for example, (1) conditions within the regional nations, (2) relations between the regional nations, (3) relations between the region and neighboring regions, and (4) the role of world's leading powers. (Rustam Burnashev)
3. The Silk Road: Historical Experience and Lessons for Modernity
In the age of globalization, people found it imperative to comprehend the past, learn lessons from it, find models that can be applied to modern life, and explore a new paradigm in communication and fruitful cooperation. One of the important lessons of the Silk Road is that people will better and more deeply understand their own nation and its culture only when they are able to understand other nations. (Ishenbai Abdurazakov)
4. Building the New Silk Road
In the age of globalization, it has become essential for the Central Asian nations to formulate integrated strategies, and establish a model for political and economic behavior. However, the nations of Central Asia have yet been unable to share a common concept of unification, the concept that plays a central role in the process of regional integration. Therefore, the rebuilding of the new Silk Road will serve as the foundation for the unification process of Central Asia. (Rustam Haidarov)
5. View from the Region: Uzbekistan
The financial, technological and economic cooperation between Uzbekistan and Japan/ Germany has facilitated the success of a large number of important projects. Moreover, plans for new projects have been established in a wide range of fields. The implementation of these projects will not only contribute significantly to the socio-economic process in Uzbekistan, but also to strengthening the friendly, reciprocal relationships between the Central Asian nations. (Nasridin Najimov)
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